In a research context  and in individual diagnosis (esp. when the adjustment ability, responses to stress and trauma or effectiveness of education and therapeutic interventions are prognosed).

Reliability

Satisfactory internal consistency and stability were found out in the examination of older high-school students.

Validity

The BHI-12 scores are positively correlated with personality variables referring to good adjustment (e.g. optimism, life satisfaction, internal sense of control, openness to experiences) and negatively with anxiety and depressiveness. The relationship was also found out between basic hope as measured by the BHI-12 and constructive and pro-developmental responses to difficult situations. Factor analysis of the questionnaire revealed (in accordance with theoretical assumptions) two factors of which the first refers to beliefs of the world's friendliness and the second to those of the world's order and predictability.

Norms

S-ten norms developed using the 592 persons sample of high-school students.

The test is also available as an online examination on the Epsilon Platform and as an option for entering and calculating scores from the paper-and-pencil version on the Epsilon Platform.